پروژه های آماده فیزیک

این پروژه یک مقاله آماده با موضوع،  رابطه جریان و نیروی الکترومغناطیس در ۱۶ صفحه ورد می باشد. در ادامه چکیده ای از این مقاله را خواهیم داشت:   Investigating the Relationship Between Current and Force Produced by an Electromagnet to Lift a Weight     ۱- Introduction One of the key forces in nature is electromagnetism, which rules the large number of physical phenomena and technologies. As a current of electrical energy passes through a conductor, a current of magnetic field is created around the conductor and a more intensive and focused field is created when the conductor is wound into a solenoid. The addition of a ferromagnetic core, e.g. iron, further increases this magnetic field, thus forming an electromagnet, the strength of which depends on the size of the current, the amount of turns in the coil, and the characteristics of the core material (Matsushita, 2021). The principle is core to other applications such as electric motors, magnetic cranes, relays and transformers among others, where controlled magnetic fields play a central role in converting electrical energy into mechanical motion. The peculiar feature of electromagnets is that the magnitude of their magnets may be regulated by changing the current passing in the coil. This controllability gives electromagnets the ability to be utilized in precision engineering and automation, where fine control in the lifting or holding force is required (Long et al., 2021). According to Ampere’s Law and the Biot–Savart Law, the magnetic field B inside a solenoid is directly proportional to the current I and the number of turns per unit length n, expressed as B=μnI where μ represents the magnetic permeability of the core. The magnetic force exerted by the electromagnet, F, is related to the magnetic field energy density and can be approximated as F∝I2, since the magnetic energy depends on the square of the field strength (Shadid & Shadid, 2020). However, real electromagnets do not always behave ideally factors such as core saturation, coil heating, and resistive losses can lead to nonlinearities at higher currents (Wu et al., 2024). This investigation aims to experimentally find out the relationship between the electric current given to an electromagnet and its resulting force in terms of the maximum weight that it can lift. Theoretically, the hypotheses would be that the force will linearly increase with current values at low and moderate current values, and at high currents, the correlation would no longer follow the same trend because of the magnetic saturation of the core material. The importance of this relationship not only will give a better understanding of the electromagnet theory but also will be useful in designing effective and safe electromagnet based devices particularly in industrial lifters and electromechanical systems. This research paper is based on the recent work in the optimization of electromagnetic forces, in which experimental and computer studies have shown that current distribution and geometry affect the production of magnetic forces (Long et al., 2021). Moreover, theoretical frameworks are progressively enhancing our knowledge of current-field interactions to the point where the magnetic forces are analyzed as being intrinsically electric in nature and can be characterized by a single set of electromagnetic equations (Shadid and Shadid, 2020). This study provides a bridge between classical electromagnetism and contemporary theoretical understanding and practical use by experimentally investigating these relationships at a smaller scale in the laboratory.